Health, Special Report, Americas

[AprpdlNuh]

Cobalt was almost exclusively used as an ingredient in pigments and paints up until the 20th century. In 1916, more than 70 percent of all cobalt mined and refined in the world, which was only 440 tons (400 metric tons), was used as oxides for colorings, according to the Cobalt Institute. Cobalt is one of the key ingredients, along with other metals like lithium, nickel and manganese, inside these fast-charging, long-lasting batteries that power our digital lives. About 50 percent of the cobalt produced worldwide is used for rechargeable batteries. Cobalt is found in the cathode (the positively charged electrode) of lithium ion batteries. When a lithium ion battery is charged, lithium ions flow from the cathode to the negatively charged anode, where they're stored. When the battery is discharged, the ions flow back to the cathode and electrons are released to power the phone or electric motor. Cobalt has two innate properties that make it ideal for battery applications: thermal stability and high energy density.




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